Thursday, October 8, 2015

Micro Chapter 12 【The Design of the Tax System】

1. Federal versus state and local government
The U.S. federal government collects about two-thirds of the taxes in the U.S. economy, while state and local governments collect the rest.. When the total receipts of the state and local government fall short of total spending, the government is said to run a budget


2. Taxes paid for a given income level
Kenji is getting ready to do his taxes. He is single and lives in Chicago. Kenji earned $200,000 in 2011. He reviews the following table, which shows the IRS tax rates for a single taxpayer in 2011.


3. Identifying transfer payments
Complete the following table by indicating which of the following government expenditures or programs provide the best examples of transfer payments.


4. Principles of tax equity
What does the principle of horizontal equity state? / What does the principle of vertical equity state? / The government wants to finance public housing for low-income families. Despite protests from wealthy homeowners, the government decides to/ The mayor of Denver wants to upgrade the public transportation system. In order to fund the improvements.


5. Computing and interpreting average tax rates
In a hypothetical economy, Antonio earns $11,000, Caroline earns $22,000, and Dmitri earns $33,000 in annual income. The following table shows the annual taxable income and tax liability for these three single individuals.


6. Understanding marginal and average tax rates
Consider the economy of Cocoland, where citizens consume only coconuts. Assume that coconuts are priced at $1 each. The government has devised the following tax plans:

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