Without obtaining advance permission, Annie places an unflattering photograph of the president of the college which she attends on folders that she is selling outside of class for extra money. Which of the following is true?
A. Annie has committed defamation of the college president in the form of slander.
B. Annie has committed defamation of the college president in the form of libel.
C. Annie has appropriated for commercial gain the photograph which constitutes an invasion of privacy.
D. Annie has committed both defamation and invasion of privacy toward the college president.
E. Annie has not committed any tort.
A. Annie has committed defamation of the college president in the form of slander.
B. Annie has committed defamation of the college president in the form of libel.
C. Annie has appropriated for commercial gain the photograph which constitutes an invasion of privacy.
D. Annie has committed both defamation and invasion of privacy toward the college president.
E. Annie has not committed any tort.
Appropriation for commercial gain occurs when someone uses another person's name, likeness, voice, or other identifying characteristic for commercial gain without that person's permission.
Which of the following are defenses to an action for libel brought by a public figure in the United Kingdom regarding a statement made in the United Kingdom?
A. Only that the statements were true.
B. Only that the statements were made in Parliament.
C. Only that the statements were made in court.
D. That the statements were made in Parliament or court.
E. That the statements were true, that the statements were made in Parliament, or that the statements were made in court.
A. Only that the statements were true.
B. Only that the statements were made in Parliament.
C. Only that the statements were made in court.
D. That the statements were made in Parliament or court.
E. That the statements were true, that the statements were made in Parliament, or that the statements were made in court.
All a public figure, or any other libel plaintiff, must do to win a case against the media in the United Kingdom is demonstrate that the defamatory statement was communicated in the United Kingdom and his or her reputation was damaged as a result. The only defenses are (1) the statements are true or (2) the statements were made in Parliament or court. The burden of proving truth is on the defendant.
Bill decides to install two-way mirrors in the dressing room of his ladies' clothing store. He has a habit of watching ladies while they try on clothing. Which of the following has Bill committed?
A. Intrusion on an individual's affairs or seclusion.
B. Slander.
C. Libel.
D. False light invasion of property.
E. Both false light invasion of property and intrusion on an individual's affairs or seclusion.
A. Intrusion on an individual's affairs or seclusion.
B. Slander.
C. Libel.
D. False light invasion of property.
E. Both false light invasion of property and intrusion on an individual's affairs or seclusion.
Intrusion on an individual's affairs or seclusion occurs when someone invades a person's solitude, seclusion, or personal affairs when the person has the right to expect privacy.
Which of the following occurs when an individual is confined or restrained against his or her will for an appreciable period of time?
A. Forcible detention
B. False imprisonment.
C. Qualified imprisonment.
D. Contained detention.
E. False detention.
A. Forcible detention
B. False imprisonment.
C. Qualified imprisonment.
D. Contained detention.
E. False detention.
False imprisonment occurs when an individual is confined or restrained against his or her will for an appreciable period of time.
Which of the following would constitute false imprisonment?
A. Threatening to use immediate physical force to detain someone.
B. Refusing to release property.
C. Physical restraint, such as tying someone to a chair.
D. All of the above.
E. Physical restraint and threatening to use immediate physical force, but not refusing to release property.
A. Threatening to use immediate physical force to detain someone.
B. Refusing to release property.
C. Physical restraint, such as tying someone to a chair.
D. All of the above.
E. Physical restraint and threatening to use immediate physical force, but not refusing to release property.
The imprisonment may occur by (1) physical restraint, such as tying someone to a chair, (2) physical force, such as forcibly pinning someone against a wall, (3) a threat to use immediate physical force, or (4) refusal to release the plaintiff's property.
Which of the following is true regarding a storekeeper who detains a suspected shoplifter?
A. There is no special rule for shopkeepers. Shopkeepers commit the tort of false imprisonment if they detain anyone even if that person is suspected of shoplifting. Instead, the police should be called.
B. When a retailer has a reason to believe that a person is guilty of shoplifting, the store may question the person about said shoplifting in a reasonable manner and for a reasonable length of time.
C. Whenever a retailer has a reason to believe that a person is guilty of shoplifting, the store may detain the person for any length of time but may not ask any questions prior to the arrival of the police.
D. The shopkeeper may detain the shoplifter only for a reasonable length of time but may not ask any questions prior to the arrival of the police.
E. None of the above.
A. There is no special rule for shopkeepers. Shopkeepers commit the tort of false imprisonment if they detain anyone even if that person is suspected of shoplifting. Instead, the police should be called.
B. When a retailer has a reason to believe that a person is guilty of shoplifting, the store may question the person about said shoplifting in a reasonable manner and for a reasonable length of time.
C. Whenever a retailer has a reason to believe that a person is guilty of shoplifting, the store may detain the person for any length of time but may not ask any questions prior to the arrival of the police.
D. The shopkeeper may detain the shoplifter only for a reasonable length of time but may not ask any questions prior to the arrival of the police.
E. None of the above.
Retailers are protected under "shopkeeper's privilege," but the suspect cannot be held for an unreasonable length of time, and questioning must be reasonable.
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